Why Diamonds Are So Hard: Simple Science Explained

The Secret Is in the Structure

A diamond consists of carbon atoms.But the atoms aren’t arranged haphazardly.Each atom is linked to another atom with four others. This kind of link between atoms is known as a covalent bond. This bond between atoms is very strong and holds the entire configuration together.Tough Three-dimensional Framework

A Strong 3D Network

All the atoms are arranged in a lattice form, and this pattern repeats itself endlessly throughout the diamond’s entire volume.Due to this three-dimensional framework:

• The toughness is uniform across all dimensions.
• It lacks any weak layers.
• The configuration prevents scratching.

What Makes a Diamond so Tough?

Since all atoms bond so well together, diamonds become highly resistant to scratches and breaks.

Atoms cannot be moved or separated easily.That is why diamond holds first place in Mohs scale of hardness.

Hardness and Toughness

People often believe that something hard is impossible to destroy. But that isn't the case at all.

• Hardness is defined as resistance to scratches
• Toughness is defined as resistance to breaks

Although diamonds are really hard, they are possible to destroy with sufficient amount of pressure applied from the correct angle.

Difference Between Diamonds and Other Forms of Carbon

There are several states of carbon. Graphite, for instance, which serves as the basis for all pencils, is a carbon too. However, since graphite has its layers, it becomes very soft to touch.But diamonds have a very sturdy 3D structure, and thus, they remain extremely hard.

Real World Applications of Diamond Hardness

Due to this property of extreme hardness, diamonds can be used for:

• Tools for cutting/drilling
• Polishing objects
• High-tech equipment manufacturing
• Making jewelry which would last forever

Conclusion

In order to be so hard, diamonds need to possess extremely tight atomic bonds in their 3D structure.